Miriam Makeba, also known as Mama Africa, was a South African singer, songwriter, and civil rights activist. She began singing professionally in the 1950s. Makeba gained international fame for her unique blend of jazz, traditional South African music, and other African rhythms. She used her platform to speak out against apartheid and promote justice and equality for all people. Makeba passed away on November 9, 2008, but her music and activism continue to inspire people around the world.