Summary

Fuji music is one of the many traditional music genres developed by the Yoruba people of Nigeria. In most Fuji songs, the lead singer sings in an Arabic melismatic style while the backup singers respond in the typical call-and-response fashion common to many African music genres. The rapid polyphonic drumming pattern that is head in most Fuji songs sets it apart from similar genres like Apala and Juju.

History

Any origin story about Fuji music would be severely lacking if it did not start with the impact of wéré music on its creation. Wéré music, the Islam-influenced precursor to Fuji music, was first heard in Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria, in the 1950s, but didn’t stop there. Sikiru Ayinde Barrister who is believed to be the originator of Fuji music started showing a flair for wéré music at an early age and at 10 years, he won his first wéré music competition, marking the beginning of his illustrious music career. 

Over the following couple of decades, Alhaji Agba, as he was fondly called, would continue to introduce new improvisations, elements, and instruments such as the flute and Harmonica to his brand of wéré music until it became what is now known as Fuji music. The evolution of Fuji over the past 5 decades, and even after the death of its pioneer Sikiru Ayinde Barrister, has been championed by a series of talented artists such as Kollington Ayinla, who introduced a bit more oomph to the standard Fuji rhythm with hits like “Ijo Yoyo”; Wasiu Ayinde Marshal (K1) who injected much-needed vitality into the genre to appeal to a younger generation as the pioneers began to age; Pasuma who introduced cross-genre collaborations to further extend the reach and influence of the genre; Abass Akande Obesere who excited the youth by injecting some lewdness into his “Asakasa” style; and of course, the more philosophical Saheed Osupa. Unlike some of the other Yoruba genres of its day, Fuji continues to wax strong and has been a significant influence on the contemporary Nigerian pop music scene for the last 10 years helping to spin multiple hits by artists such as Olamide, Wizkid, Asake, and many others.

Elements
 
Form and Style

Fuji music is distinguished by its high-energy and cheery vibe and its use of intricate rhythms and melodic themes. Fuji has a vibrant and dynamic atmosphere because of the music's call-and-response vocals and improvisational quality. A main vocalist is frequently supported by a chorus and a big ensemble of percussion instruments such as the talking drum, dundun, and bata drum when performing Fuji music. The driving beat is provided by the rhythm section, while the lead vocalist improvises and delivers the words.

Singing Style

Fuji music is a prominent Nigerian traditional music form that mixes elements of Islamic and Yoruba music. Fuji music is distinguished by its quick and complex rhythms, sophisticated melodies, and usage of call-and-response vocals.

Theme

Fuji songs' lyrics frequently deal with social and political themes, and the vocal style can reflect this by being emotive and heartfelt.

Culture

Fuji music is popular in Nigeria and has a significant following both locally and internationally. It is often performed at weddings, festivals, and other celebratory events, and is known for its ability to get audiences up and dancing.

Timbre

Fuji music is distinguished by its lively, energetic, and percussive tone. A sophisticated rhythm section comprising numerous percussion instruments such as talking drums, dundun, and bata drums drives the melody. These instruments generate the driving beat and give the music a vibrant, danceable atmosphere.

Arrangement

Fuji music is often arranged with a lead singer, a chorus, and a big ensemble of percussion instruments. The main beat for the song is provided by the rhythm section, which is often formed of talking drums, dundun, and bata drums. The main vocalist improvises and delivers the words in a very expressive and rhythmic style, emphasizing call-and-response vocals. Fuji music's improvisational character allows for a great deal of freedom in the arrangement, and the group can adapt in real-time to the lead singer's vocal phrasing and rhythms, providing a vibrant and dynamic performance.

Key Instruments